Everything about Nzr A Class 1906 totally explained
The
A class was a
steam locomotive built in
1906 with a
4-6-2 wheel arrangement for
New Zealand's national
railway network. It shouldn't be confused with the older and more obscure
A class of 1873. With all members of the original A class retired, the 'A' designation was re-used for these locomotives, described by some as the most handsome engines to run on New Zealand rails. The A class was designed by the
New Zealand Railways Department's Chief Mechanical Engineer,
A. L. Beattie, and his Chief Draughtsman, G. A. Pearson. They were built to replace less powerful locomotives struggling with increasing loads on the
South Island Main Trunk Railway, and also in anticipation of the traffic volumes that would be created upon the completion of the
North Island Main Trunk Railway.
The first four had both
Stephenson valve gear inside and
Walschaerts valve gear outside, while the following fifty-three solely used Walschaerts valve gear. The A class were initially de Glehn
compound locomotives, but complications with the compounding led to the locomotives being
superheated and then converted to two-cylinder simple locomotives. Performance of the engines didn't suffer and they operated extensively on both islands.
The first eight A class locomotives were built at the
New Zealand Railways Department's
Addington Workshops, while the rest were built by
A & G Price of
Thames. The final thirty, constructed between 1910 and 1914, were built with a number of small differences to the original design and they were initially classified as the
AD class. However, in 1916, they were reclassified as members of the A class.
The A class locomotives initially operated express services, but in time they were superseded and were relegated to minor branch line services. Such large locomotives often looked out of place pulling insignificant rural trains on uneconomic lines that were liable to be closed. Nonetheless, the A class survived almost to the end of steam in New Zealand, with the last one retired in
1969. The final A class to be retired was A 428, see
Weka Pass Railway. It was saved by a rail preservation society, and today is the only fully operational member of the class left. Another member of the class has been preserved; it's kept as a static exhibit but may be returned to operational condition in the future.
Two other classes built for New Zealand's railways based on similar designs were accordingly similarly categorised as the
AA and
AB classes. The A
B class went on to become New Zealand's most prolific locomotive class.
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